Papers to be submitted should address the field of orthopedics focused on the hip joint and the pelvis, and contribute to developments in diagnosis and treatments by virtue of their ingenuity. Types of papers may include original papers, review articles, editorials, technical notes, case reports, comments from editors and comments to editors and answers. All contents of the paper including figures and tables published on this journal are protected by local and international copyright laws.

Papers should be written in English. Use of abbreviations should be minimized. When an abbreviation is used for the first time, the complete word of the abbreviation should be expressed in the source language with the abbreviation in parentheses. Afterwards, only the abbreviation is used. All forms on papers are decided by Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical Journals: Writing and Editing for Biomedical Publication (http://www.icmje.org/icmje-recommendations.pdf).

• 1) All paper authors should be directly involved in planning, conducting, and arranging the study, and collecting and analyzing data and reading the manuscript, and should agree with the submittal of the paper.
• 2) Throughout the whole process, the corresponding author cannot be changed. To change the order of, adding or deleting author(s) during the examination period, the submission of an agreement including signatures of all authors is mandatory. Upon completion of all examinations and confirmation of publication, any change in author(s) is not allowed.
• 3) Same or similar paper once submitted to Hip & Pelvis should not be published in any other academic journals, and ownership of the paper published by Hip & Pelvis permanently belongs to Hip & Pelvis and accordingly, whole or part of the paper should not be published in any other journal without permission from the editor of Hip & Pelvis. Duplicated or redundant submission is allowed only in case of secondary publication fulfilling the requirements described in the preceding clauses, and authors should abide by the ethics regulation on publication described in the preceding clauses.
• 4) In case that the study submitted to Hip & Pelvis is targeting human beings, the study should meet ethics standards of Declaration of Helsinki (2013) and approval from Institutional Review Board (IRB) should be obtained in principle. In the case of an animal experiment study, the whole study process should meet the regulations of the in-house ethics committee or NIH Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals and in principle and the approval from the animal use committee or inhouse committee should be obtained. When necessary, Hip & Pelvis panel of editors can require verification of patient agreements and a letter of approval released by the relevant ethics committee.
• 5) In case that the authors received support in part or whole of the materials used in the study, or that interests are involved in the production of the paper or thereafter, these situations should be described in the paper.
• 6) All of the manuscripts should be prepared in strict observation of research and publication ethics guidelines recommended by the Council of Science Editors (CSE, http://www.councilscienceeditors.org/), International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE, http://www.icmje.org/), World Association of Medical Editors (WAME, http://www.wame.org/) and the Korean Association of Medical Journal Editors (KAMJE, http://www.kamje.or.kr/).
• 7) Hip & Pelvis will follow the guidelines by the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE, http://publicationethics.org/) for settlement of any misconduct. In case of suspected misconduct such as fabrication, falsification or duplication, each ethical issue is followed by recommended actions as advised by COPE guidelines and flowcharts.
• 8) All reviewers have a responsibility to report to the Editor about any suspected issues with the manuscript. If the investigation proves scientific misconduct, publish a retraction of the article. If warranted, the authors should be invited to prepare the retraction, which should be submitted with an assignment of copyright statement that has been signed by all authors. If the paper has not been published then the Editor can always reject the paper. Instances of misconduct in the publication process will be shared with the editorial board of the Hip & Pelvis journal. The Editor may wish to impose sanctions, notify editors of other biomedical journals, and depending on the severity of the allegation, notify the author’s institution. The Hip & Pelvis will not hesitate to publish errata, corrigenda, clarifications, retractions, and apologies when the misconduct is founded.
  1. ① Registration of Clinical Trial Research
     It is recommended that any research that deals with a clinical trial be registered with a primary national clinical trial registration site, such as https://cris.nih.go.kr/, or other sites accredited by the WHO as listed at http://www.who.int/ictrp/en/.
  2. ② Conflict of Interest
     The corresponding author of an article is asked to inform the editor of the authors’ potential conflicts of interest possibly influencing their interpretation of data. A conflict of interest may exist when an author (or the author’s institution or employer) has financial support from pharmaceutical or commercial companies or political pressures from interest groups or personal relationships that could influence (or bias) the author’s decisions, work, or manuscript. A potential conflict of interest should be disclosed in the manuscript even when the authors are confident that their judgments have not been influenced in preparing the manuscript. Such conflicts may be financial support or private connections to pharmaceutical companies, political pressure from interest groups, or academic problems (e.g., employment/affiliation, grants or funding, consultancies, stockownership or options, royalties, or patents filed, received, or pending). If the study was sponsored by a third party, authors should describe the role of the study sponsor in study design; collection, analysis, and interpretation of data; writing the report; and the decision to submit the report for publication. Where authors have no competing interests, the statement should read “No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.”
  3. ③ Statement of Informed Consent
     Copies of written informed consent and institutional review board (IRB) approval for clinical research should be kept. If necessary, the editor or reviewers may request copies of these documents to resolve questions about IRB approval and study conduct. In addition, for studies conducted with human subjects, the method by which informed consent was obtained from the participants (i.e., verbal or written) also needs to be stated in the Methods section.
  4. ④ Patient Photographic and Videographic Consent
     Patients introduced in the manuscripts should be informed and aware that their photographs, videotapes, and other images (imaging records) will be released by the authors, and the authors should attach the Authorization and Release Form available at the Hip & Pelvis website (https://submit.hipandpelvis.or.kr/submission/Login.html/ or https://hipandpelvis.or.kr/) including each patient’s signature.
  5. ⑤ Statement of Human and Animal Rights
     All human and animal investigations must be conducted according to the principles expressed in the Declaration of Helsinki (2013; https://www.wma.net/).
  6. ⑥ Copyright and Licensing
     (1) Copyright policy: Upon publication of the articles, all the copyrights are transferred to the Korean Hip Society. Articles are accepted on the understanding that no substantial part other than the abstract has been or will be published elsewhere. A copyright transfer form should be submitted to the editorial office by regular mail or emailing the scanned copyright transfer form at the time of acceptance. It is identical to the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/.
     (2) Licensing information: This is an open-access journal distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-commercial license, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited for non-commercial purpose (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/).
     (3) Supporting Information: This journal was supported by the Korean Federation of Science and Technology Societies (KOFST) Grant funded by the Korean Government (MEST).
  7. ⑦ Authorship
     Authorship credit should be based on 1) substantial contributions to conception and design, acquisition of data, or analysis and interpretation of data 2) drafting the article or revising it critically for important intellectual content and 3) final approval of the version to be published. 4) Agreement to be accountable for all aspects of the work in ensuring that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work are appropriately investigated and resolved. Authors should meet these 4 conditions. If the number of authors is greater than six, there should be a list of each author's role for the submitted paper. After the initial submission of a manuscript, any changes whatsoever in authorship (adding author(s), deleting author(s), or re-arranging the order of authors) must be explained by a letter to the editor from the authors concerned. This letter must be signed by all authors on the paper. Copyright assignment must be completed by every author.
  8. ⑧ Originality and Duplicate Publication
     All submitted manuscripts should be original and should not be considered by other scientific journals for publication at the same time. No part of the accepted manuscript should be duplicated in any other scientific journal without the permission of the Editorial Board. The duplication will be checked through crosscheck (https://app.ithenticate.com/) or eTBLAST (http://etest.vbi.vt.edu/etblast3/) before submission. If duplicate publication related to the papers of this journal is detected, the manuscripts may be rejected, the authors will be announced in the journal, and their institutes will be informed. There will also be penalties for the authors. A letter of permission is required for any and all material that has been published previously. It is the responsibility of the author to request permission from the publisher for any material that is being reproduced. This requirement applies to text, illustrations, and tables.
  9. ⑨ Secondary Publication
     It is possible to republish manuscripts if the manuscripts satisfy the conditions of secondary publication of the Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical Journals.
• 9) The editorial board will continuously work for monitoring / safeguarding research and publication ethics: Registration of Clinical Trial Research / Conflict of Interest / Statement of Informed Consent / Patient Photographic and Videographic Consent / Statement of Human and Animal Rights / Copyright and Licensing / Authorship / Plagiarism / Originality and Duplicate Publication / Secondary Publication. In case of unjustifiable act in the research and publication ethics, it shall decide whether to take disciplinary action or not after thorough investigation based on various standardized guidelines (COPE) by the editorial ethics committee. The decided contents shall be reported to the board of directors in the Korean Hip Society and the board of directors shall announce the fact after deciding the final consideration on the discipline disposition reported to the ethics committee.

Upon receiving a paper, the editor-in-chief sends the paper, after deleting the name and title of the author, to three or more professionals in the relevant field of the paper, and asks them to assess the ingenuity, importance, level of contribution and form of manuscript. Based on the results of the professionals’ review, the editor-in-chief makes a decision using four ratings: ‘accept as it is’, ‘accept after minor revision’, ‘review after major revision’, and ‘reject’. According to this decision, the editor-in-chief may recommend the authors to revise and supplement. Upon completion of the revision based on the recommendations, the authors must re-submit the paper through the online submission system. In this case, the authors should submit a revision response file as an attachment to the revised edition. When submitting a revised version, the revisions should be added a point-by-point reply to the reviewers’ comments and also highlighted the changes to the manuscript by using yellow highlighting. The process of examination and revision of the paper is repeated until the publication is accepted or rejected, or authors decide to withdraw the publication. The final decision on the publication and the order to proceed with the publication are made by the editor-in-chief. Unless a special consideration is made, the first review on the paper is conducted within 2 weeks. If the answers to the editors’ comments and the revised file are not submitted by the author within 90 days after receiving the recommendation letter from the editor-in-chief, the case is assumed to be cancelled, and review is terminated.

The publication fee is free. The reprint cost is US \$30 per 30 copies. For color printings, US \$100 per color page is charged to authors regardless of the membership. The publication cost is subjected to change according to the society’s financial situation.

• 1) Abstract
  Abstract is prepared in English on separate page. The length of the abstract is restricted up to 250 words. Purpose of study, materials and methods, results, and conclusion are briefly and clearly described in separate paragraphs, and specific data should be presented. At the end of the abstract, keywords (up to five) of the study should be added in English in the order of anatomical name (or name of disease), title of diagnosis (or area), diagnosis, and treatments. For example, in the paper of “Comparison on Compression Hip Screw and Gamma Nail in Intertrochanteric Fracture,” keywords are arranged in the order of ‘femur, intertrochanteric fracture, compression hip screw, γ-nail’. As another example, in the paper of “Treatment Results of Avascular Necrosis of Femoral Head Treated with Core Decompression,” keywords are arranged in the order of ‘femoral head, avascular necrosis, and core decompression’. Authors are recommended to refer to “MeSH: Medical Subject Heading Terms database (http://www.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/MBrowser.html)” in selecting key words.
• 2) Introduction
  The purpose of the study is suggested briefly and clearly. Descriptions on background are stated only when associated with purpose. General description which is not directly associated with the purpose of the paper is not stated.
• 3) Materials and Methods
  Institutional review board (IRB) approval, when applicable, must be stated. Research design, materials and methods of the study are described in this order. Composition of subjects and methods of observation are described in detail. When the study is focused on methods of experiments, detailed description on the method is required for replicable experiments.
  Ensure correct use of the terms sex (when reporting biological factors) and gender (identity, psychosocial or cultural factors), and, unless inappropriate, report the sex and/or gender of study participants, the sex of animals or cells, and describe the methods used to determine sex and gender. If the study was done involving an exclusive population, for example in only one sex, authors should justify why, except in obvious cases (e.g., prostate cancer). Authors should define how they determined race or ethnicity and justify their relevance.
• 4) Results
  Study results are logically and clearly arranged. In case of experiments which have a result of a wide range of biological measurements, statistical processing is used in principle. When tables are used, the contents of the table are not repeatedly described, but important tendency and points are commented.
• 5) Discussion
  Historical background, fundamental knowledge and any description not associated with purpose and results are excluded as much as possible in the discussion section. Instead, contents related with purpose, developments for summary, or inductions for conclusion are described by observing and comparing results.
• 6) Conclusion (summary)
  A mere listing of results is not recommended, but significance of the study is briefly commented.
• 7) Funding
  All sources of funding applicable to the study should be stated here explicitly. If there was no funding, the following wording should be used: “No funding to declare.”
• 8) Acknowledgements
  Any persons who provided help during the research, but who have not met the criteria for authorship, should be acknowledged here. Acknowledge anyone who provided intellectual assistance, purely technical help (including with writing and editing assistance), special equipment or materials, advice, gifts, etc.
• 9) Conflict of Interest
  All authors are requested to disclose any potential conflict of interest that could have influence or impart bias on their work. The corresponding author must sign and scan a copy of the journal’s “Conflict of Interest” form, which is available on-line on the submission page. The completed form should be submitted at the time of manuscript submission. If no conflicts exist, the authors should state that “No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.” Reviewers and/or editors may have a conflict of interest or a competing with regard to the subject matter of a manuscript. Such conflicts are disclosed to the Editor-in-Chief as early in the review process as possible. If warranted, a different reviewer will be asked to evaluate the manuscript or the paper will be reassigned to another editor.

Papers are submitted after confirming the following checklist and the author checklist. Any paper which does not meet the suitability required by the paper submission standards may be returned prior to the review process. In this case, the paper is assumed to be not submitted.

• 1) General considerations
  Paper is composed in the following order: cover, inner cover (including title only), abstract, introduction, materials and methods, results, discussion, conclusion (summary), funding, acknowledgements, all authors’ ORCIDs, reference, table, figure legends and figure.
  • Each page of the paper manuscript is typed on A4 (21×29.7cm) size papers. Sentences are typed on every other line with a 3cm space at the left and right, top and bottom. Up to 100 columns and 30 lines are typed on one page with the font size of 11. For convenience, the master file made by Hip & Pelvis may be used.
  • In principle, pages are restricted up to 10 from abstract to reference for an original paper, and 5 for a case report. Page number is entered from the abstract up to the figure legends.
  • For a paper on arthroplasty, the minimum follow-up period is 2 years. When a remote follow-up is recognized as necessary based on the characteristics of the study, the follow-up period is adjusted to minimum 1 year.
  • Author name and title are not recorded on pages other than the cover page.
  • Metric system is used for weights and measures. Use of the International System of Units (SI units) is recommended.
  • Use of English abbreviation is minimized. When an abbreviation is used for the first time, the complete word of the abbreviation should be expressed with the abbreviation in parentheses.
  • When a reference is cited in the body of the paper, a single author is specified as author A¹⁾, two authors as authors A and B²⁾, and three or more authors as author A et al.³⁾. When superscript numbers come at the end of a sentence, a period is marked at the end of the superscript numbers.
    Example:
    - end of sentence^1,3). (correct)
    - end of sentence.^1,3) (not correct)
  • When two or more superscript numbers are expressed, commas are marked between the numbers and then, a round bracket is added at the end of the last number. Example: Boyes^1,3) Chapman^1,2,7)
• 2) Cover
  Cover page includes the title of the paper, names and titles of all authors in English. If the authors belong to different institutions, the name of the institution where the study was mainly conducted comes first, and the names of other institutions come next to superior marks that were attached on the names of the other authors. The superscript marks are used in the order of ^*, ^†, ^‡, ^§, and ^‖. At the bottom of the cover page, address, telephone number and e-mail address of the corresponding author are typed in English. If necessary, a note on funding source of the study is added.
  • Author names are written by the order of first name and surname.
  • The title of the study should be clear and brief. Expressions such as ‘clinical discussion’ and ‘- study regarding’ are not used.
  • On the inner cover page, only the title of the study is written in English. Other than the title of the study, names or titles of authors should not be included.
• 3) Abstract
  • Each paper should start with an English abstract.
  • Name and title of the author are not recorded.
  • Abstract is composed of the following sections:
    Purpose: Reason of conducting the present study and the objective(s) of the study are briefly and clearly described in one or two sentences. Statement of purpose should correspond to the meaning of the title and the introduction of the paper.
    Materials and Methods: What and how were done to achieve the purpose is described in detail in the first paragraph. Methods of collecting and analyzing data and of adjusting bias are described.
    Results: Using the same method of description mentioned above, results of observation and analysis are logically stated with concrete data.
    Conclusion: Conclusion(s) induced from the results of the present study is described in one or two sentences, corresponding to the purpose of the present study.
  • Tables and figures should not be used, and reference citations are not allowed.
• 4) Reference
  • A list of cited literatures is prepared on a separate page in the order of citation in the paper using Arabic numerals.
  • All the listed literatures should have been cited in the body of the paper.
  • Any data which have not been published, or personal communication of information cannot be described on the reference list.
  • For the names of academic journals, the officially recognized abbreviations of Index Medicus (MEDLINE) are used.
  • For up to 6 authors, all names are recorded, and for 7 or more authors, names are expressed as the names of the first 3 authors with “et al.”
  • Page numbers of literature indicate beginning and end of the pages in the journal.
  • A list of cited literature is prepared on a separate page with English in the order of citation in the paper using Arabic number.
  • Examples of reference listing.
  Papers published in academic journals
  • Mannino R, Zuelzer W, McDaniel C, Lyckholm L. Advance directives and resuscitation issues in the care of patients in orthopaedic surgery. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2008;90:2037-42. 01. https://doi.org/10.2106/JBJS.G.00779
  • Kocher MS, Kim YJ, Millis MB, et al. Hip arthroscopy in children and adolescents. J Pediatr Orthop. 2005;25:680-6. 02. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.bpo.0000161836.59194.90
  • Hong KD. Treatment of the tibial fracture. J Korean Orthop Assoc. 1972;11:112-8.
  Paper published in supplements
  • Turner CH, Robling AG. Mechanisms by which exercise improves bone strength. J Bone Miner Metab. 2005;23 Suppl:16-22. 01. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03026318
  Paper published online prior to publication in an academic journal
  • Meckley T, Reed Y, Greenfield R. Giant cell formation in rabbit long-term bone marrow cultures. J Bone Miner Res. Published online October 13, 2003; https://doi.org/10.1359/JBMR.0303011
  Paper being published online
  • Kaul S, Diamond GA. Good enough; aprimer on the analysis and interpretation of noninferiority trials. Ann Intern Med [Internet]. 2006 [cited 2007 Jan 4];145:62-9. Available from: http://www.annals.org/cgi/reprint/145/1/62.pdf
  Paper published in book form
  • Townsend CM, Beauchamp RD, Evers BM, Mattox K. Sabiston textbook of surgery. 17th ed. Saunders; 2004. 114-8.
  Paper published as a chapter of a book
  • Bozic KJ, Saleh KJ. Economics of total hip arthroplasty. In: Callaghan JJ, Rosenberg AG, Rubash HE, eds. The adult hip. 2nd ed. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2007. 829-35.
  Information on website
  • Hooper JF. Psychiatry & the Law: Forensic Psychiatric Resource Page [Internet]. Tuscaloosa (AL): University of Alabama, Department of Psychiatry and Neurology; 1999 Jan 1 [updated 2006 Jul 8; cited 2007 Feb 23]. Available from: http://bama.ua. edu/~jhooper/
    
    Other than the above cases, please follow Citing Medicine (Patrias K. Citing medicine: the NLM style guide for authors, editors, and publishers [Internet]. 2nd ed. Wendling, DL, technical editor. Bethesda (MD): National Library of Medicine (US); 2007 [updated 2009 Mar 5] of US National Library of Medicine. Available from: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/citingmedicine)
• 5) Table
  • Table is prepared in English using Arabic numbers. Title is clearly stated in a phrase or clause.
  • The first letter of each word except the definite article, indefinite article, and the preposition is capitalized. And the first letter of each content in table is capitalized.
  • Table has 4 or more lines but does not exceed 1 page.
  • Table numbers are given in the order of citation in the body of the paper.
  • When an abbreviation is used, the complete word of the abbreviation should be expressed below the table.
  • Marks are used in the order of ^*, ^†, ^‡, ^§, ^‖, ^¶, ^**, ^†† and ^‡‡ and explanations are given at the foot note.
  • Tables include core information only. Tables should be easily understood without reading the relevant passage.
  • Tables in a paper which have already been published cannot be used.
• 6) Figure
  • Paper including an unclear figure can be classified as ‘unacceptable paper.’
  • Two or more figures using the same number are differentiated by adding capital alphabets next to the number (Example: Fig. 1A, Fig. 1B).
  • Different patients use different figure numbers in principle.
  • When necessary, arrows or letters may be added on figures using Photoshop or PowerPoint. The original file should be submitted for approval for publication.
  • To adhere to HIPAA (Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act) regulations, no information should allow a patient to be identified. Mask all faces and remove all markings including patient identification from radiographs before photographing.
  • When a figure which has already been published is used, a written permission from the original copyright holder should be obtained, and a statement on the permission should be added below the figure.
  • Author name is not recorded on the figure file name.
  • When necessary, author’s opinion on the arrangement of figures may be stated.
  • A minimum resolution of 300 dpi is required for consideration.
  • When colored figures are used for publication, the author is responsible for paying additional expenses.
  • Any manipulation of any part of the picture or photograph is prohibited. The use of touch-up tools, such as cloning and healing tools in Photoshop, or any feature that deliberately obscures manipulations, is unacceptable. Processing (such as changing brightness and contrast) is appropriate only when it is applied equally across the entire image and is applied equally to controls. Contrast should not be adjusted so that data disappear. Excessive manipulations, such as processing to emphasize one region in the image at the expense of others (for example, through the use of a biased choice of threshold settings), is inappropriate, as is emphasizing experimental data relative to the control.
  • If it is unavoidable to manipulate the image, it is recommended to mention it at the bottom of the image. (If you want to get the desired conclusion by manipulating a part of the figure, it is of course a reason for rejection of the paper.)
• 7) Legends for figures
  • Arabic numbers are given in the order of citation in the body of the paper.
  • Explanation is written in an English sentence, not in a phrase or clause.
  • In case of a microscopic figure, the method of staining and magnification are described.
• 8) Disclosure of artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted technology Artificial intelligence (AI) is software that computers use to mimic aspects of human intelligence. AI-assisted technology is software applications that use artificial intelligence algorithms to perform specific tasks and solve problems.
  
  Hip & Pelvis recognizes the value of large language models (LLMs), such as chatGPT and generative AI, as productivity tools that can assist authors in preparing their article for submission to generate initial ideas for a structure or when summarizing, paraphrasing, language polishing, etc. However, it is essential to note that all language models have limitations and cannot replicate human creative and critical thinking. Human intervention with these tools is vital to ensure that the content presented is accurate and appropriate to the reader. So, AI should not take over essential research tasks such as developing scientific insights, analyzing and interpreting data, or drawing.
  
  Therefore the Hip & Pelvis requires authors to be aware of the limitations of language models when submitting or reviewing for all of works.
  • AI tools cannot be listed as an author of a paper.
  • AI tools cannot be used as a resource when reviewing a paper.
  • AI tools cannot be used to generate images and videos.
    - Exceptions are images/art obtained from agencies with which we have contractual relationships and which have created images in a legally acceptable manner.
  • The use of AI tools is only allowed to support the following:
    - Spelling
    - Grammar
    - Data analysis
  • Authors must be transparent in disclosing any AI use in the manuscript cover letter and the article acknowledgments.
    - Statement: The author(s) used [NAME TOOL/SERVICE] to prepare this work for [REASON]. After utilizing the tool/service, the author(s) thoroughly reviewed and edited the content as necessary and assumed full responsibility for the publication’s content.
  • Articles found to have used such AI-assisted technologies after publication may be subject to retraction.

Regarding general items and checklists, please refer to those of original papers.

• Review article
  Review article is a discussion focused on a specific title, which is published upon request from the panel of editors. Even though it does not need to follow a specific format, it should include an English abstract in one paragraph of less than 250 words.
• Technical notes
  The body of the manuscript should consist of: Introduction, Technique, and Discussion, plus References and figure and video legends.
  
  Abstract: The abstract should be an unstructured summary (maximum length, 200 words).
  Introduction: Briefly set out the reasons you are presenting your technique.
  Technique and Case Presentation: Cite Figures and Videos and describe step-by-step (consider Tables), and mention name and manufacturer of specific products (required in detail) so others can do it exactly the way you do it.
  Discussion: Be concise. Consider the advantages, and risks and/or limitations, of this technique in the Discussion.
  References: The goal is recent references and not having a lot of references (up to 10).
• Case report
  Abstract: English abstract is written up to 150 words in one paragraph without section.
  Introduction: Without the title of introduction, general background and meaning are briefly stated.
  Case Report: Things only directly associated with the case are described.
  Discussion: Focus is on specific areas which are emphasized by the case. Lengthy literature discussion is avoided.
  
• Correspondence
  Constructive criticisms or opinions on specific papers published in the Hip & Pelvis, general interests of orthopedic surgeons, or personal opinions on specific themes in academic fields may be stated.

• Double-spaced typing with 11-point font.
• Sequence of cover, inner cover (including title only), abstract and keywords, introduction, materials and methods, results, discussion, conclusion (summary), funding, acknowledgements, all authors’ ORCIDs, reference, tables, figure legends, and figures.
• Cover page with article title, authors’ full name(s) and affiliation(s), and address for correspondence (including telephone number and e-mail address) in English. If necessary, a note on funding source is added.
• Keywords (up to 5) from the MeSH list of Index Medicus.
• All table and figure numbers are found in the text.
• Figures with a minimum resolution of 300 dpi.
• References listed in proper format. All references listed in the reference section are cited in the text and vice versa.

All authors must sign and scan a copy of the journal’s “Financial Disclosure and Copyright Transfer” form, which is available on-line on the submission page. The completed form should be submitted at the time of manuscript submission. The form is also available in the next page.